diff --git a/src/main.tsx b/src/main.tsx
index 02a7ed743..b80aefaab 100644
--- a/src/main.tsx
+++ b/src/main.tsx
@@ -5960,9 +5960,10 @@ async function run(): Promise<CommanderCommand> {
 				await import("./server/sessionManager.js");
 			const { printBanner } =
 				await import("./server/serverBanner.js");
-			const { createServerLogger } =
-				await import("./server/serverLog.js");
+			const { getScriptArgsForChild, saveChildSpawnPrefix } =
+				await import("./server/sessionHandle.js");
 
+			await saveChildSpawnPrefix();
 			const eventBus = new EventBus();
 			const config = {
 				port: parseInt(opts.port, 10),
@@ -5981,23 +5982,29 @@ async function run(): Promise<CommanderCommand> {
 				workspace: config.workspace,
 			});
 			await sessionManager.init();
-			const logger = createServerLogger();
 
 			const server = startServer(config, sessionManager);
 			const actualPort = server.port ?? config.port;
 			printBanner(config, undefined, actualPort);
 
+			sessionManager.startProbeSession({
+				cwd: config.workspace || process.cwd(),
+				execPath: process.execPath,
+				scriptArgs: getScriptArgsForChild(),
+			});
+
 			let shuttingDown = false;
 			const shutdown = async () => {
 				if (shuttingDown) return;
 				shuttingDown = true;
+				sessionManager.killProbe();
 				server.stop(true);
 				eventBus.destroy();
 				await sessionManager.destroyAll();
 				process.exit(0);
 			};
-			process.once("SIGINT", () => void shutdown());
-			process.once("SIGTERM", () => void shutdown());
+			process.on("SIGINT", () => void shutdown());
+			process.on("SIGTERM", () => void shutdown());
 		};
 
 		program
diff --git a/src/server/routes/provider.ts b/src/server/routes/provider.ts
index 838ca925a..e1543441d 100644
--- a/src/server/routes/provider.ts
+++ b/src/server/routes/provider.ts
@@ -2,64 +2,91 @@ import { Hono } from 'hono'
 import type { SessionManager } from '../sessionManager.js'
 import type { InitData } from '../sessionHandle.js'
 
+type ModelInfo = {
+  value: string
+  displayName: string
+  description: string
+  supportsEffort?: boolean
+  supportedEffortLevels?: string[]
+  supportsAdaptiveThinking?: boolean
+  supportsFastMode?: boolean
+  supportsAutoMode?: boolean
+}
+
+function getModels(initData: InitData | null): ModelInfo[] {
+  const raw = initData?.models
+  if (Array.isArray(raw)) return raw as ModelInfo[]
+  return []
+}
+
+function getProviderId(initData: InitData | null): string {
+  return initData?.account?.apiProvider ?? 'anthropic'
+}
+
+function getProviderName(initData: InitData | null): string {
+  const p = initData?.account?.apiProvider
+  if (p === 'firstParty') return 'Anthropic'
+  if (p === 'costrict') return 'CoStrict'
+  return p ?? 'Anthropic'
+}
+
+function toCapabilities(initData: InitData | null) {
+  const models = getModels(initData)
+  const providerId = getProviderId(initData)
+  const providerName = getProviderName(initData)
+  const defaultModel = models[0]?.value ?? ''
+
+  const modelsRecord: Record<string, unknown> = {}
+  for (const m of models) {
+    modelsRecord[m.value] = {
+      id: m.value,
+      name: m.displayName,
+      limit: {
+        context: 200000,
+        output: 8192,
+      },
+      capabilities: {
+        temperature: false,
+        reasoning: true,
+        attachment: true,
+        toolcall: true,
+        input: { text: true, audio: false, image: true, video: false, pdf: false },
+        output: { text: true, audio: false, image: false, video: false, pdf: false },
+        interleaved: false,
+      },
+      status: 'active' as const,
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    connected: [{
+      id: providerId,
+      name: providerName,
+      source: 'config' as const,
+      default_model: defaultModel,
+      models: modelsRecord,
+    }],
+  }
+}
+
 export function createProviderRoutes(sessionManager: SessionManager): Hono {
   return new Hono()
-    .get('/provider', c => {
-      const initData = getFirstInitData(sessionManager)
-      const models = initData?.models ?? {}
-      const modelValues = Object.values(models as Record<string, string>)
-      const defaultModel = modelValues[0] ?? ''
+    .get('/provider', async c => {
+      let initData = sessionManager.getCachedInitData()
+      if (!initData) {
+        await sessionManager.waitForInitData()
+        initData = sessionManager.getCachedInitData()
+      }
 
-      return c.json({
-        connected: initData?.account?.apiProvider
-          ? [initData.account.apiProvider]
-          : ['anthropic'],
-        default_model: defaultModel,
-        providers: [
-          {
-            id: initData?.account?.apiProvider ?? 'anthropic',
-            name:
-              initData?.account?.apiProvider === 'firstParty'
-                ? 'Anthropic'
-                : initData?.account?.apiProvider ?? 'Anthropic',
-            connected: true,
-            models: Object.entries(models as Record<string, string>).map(
-              ([key, id]) => ({
-                id,
-                name: key,
-              }),
-            ),
-          },
-        ],
-      })
+      return c.json(toCapabilities(initData))
     })
-    .get('/provider/capabilities', c => {
-      const initData = getFirstInitData(sessionManager)
-      const models = initData?.models ?? {}
+    .get('/provider/capabilities', async c => {
+      let initData = sessionManager.getCachedInitData()
+      if (!initData) {
+        await sessionManager.waitForInitData()
+        initData = sessionManager.getCachedInitData()
+      }
 
-      return c.json({
-        connected: [
-          {
-            provider_id: initData?.account?.apiProvider ?? 'anthropic',
-            provider_name:
-              initData?.account?.apiProvider === 'firstParty'
-                ? 'Anthropic'
-                : initData?.account?.apiProvider ?? 'Anthropic',
-            models: Object.entries(models as Record<string, string>).map(
-              ([key, id]) => ({
-                model_id: id,
-                model_name: key,
-              }),
-            ),
-          },
-        ],
-      })
+      return c.json(toCapabilities(initData))
     })
 }
-
-function getFirstInitData(sessionManager: SessionManager): InitData | null {
-  for (const handle of sessionManager.getAllSessions()) {
-    if (handle.initData) return handle.initData
-  }
-  return null
-}
diff --git a/src/server/routes/session.ts b/src/server/routes/session.ts
index 62a5134e3..7a052b9c5 100644
--- a/src/server/routes/session.ts
+++ b/src/server/routes/session.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { Hono } from 'hono'
 import { streamSSE } from 'hono/streaming'
 import type { SessionManager } from '../sessionManager.js'
+import { getScriptArgsForChild } from '../sessionHandle.js'
 import {
   badRequest,
   notFound,
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ export function createSessionRoutes(
           systemPrompt: body.system_prompt,
           resumeSessionId: body.resume_session_id,
           execPath: process.execPath,
-          scriptArgs: process.argv[1] ? [process.argv[1]] : [],
+          scriptArgs: getScriptArgsForChild(),
         })
 
         const initData = handle.initData
@@ -138,7 +139,7 @@ export function createSessionRoutes(
             created_at: handle.getInfo().created_at,
             commands: initData?.commands ?? [],
             agents: initData?.agents ?? [],
-            models: initData?.models ?? {},
+            models: initData?.models ?? [],
             account: initData?.account ?? {},
           },
           201,
diff --git a/src/server/sessionHandle.ts b/src/server/sessionHandle.ts
index 23ac38a3e..11caf5960 100644
--- a/src/server/sessionHandle.ts
+++ b/src/server/sessionHandle.ts
@@ -61,6 +61,52 @@ export type SessionHandleOptions = {
   verbose?: boolean
 }
 
+export function getScriptArgsForChild(): string[] {
+  const argv1 = process.argv[1]
+  if (!argv1) return []
+  if (argv1.endsWith('.ts') || argv1.endsWith('.tsx') || argv1.includes('/') || argv1.includes('\\')) {
+    return [argv1]
+  }
+  return []
+}
+
+export function getChildSpawnArgs(): { execPath: string; scriptArgs: string[] } {
+  const execPath = process.execPath
+  const scriptArgs = getScriptArgsForChild()
+  return { execPath, scriptArgs }
+}
+
+export async function saveChildSpawnPrefix(): Promise<void> {
+  if (process.env._CSC_CHILD_SPAWN_PREFIX) return
+  const { execPath, scriptArgs } = getChildSpawnArgs()
+  let defineArgs: string[] = []
+  let featureArgs: string[] = []
+  try {
+    const definesMod = await import('../../scripts/defines.js') as { getMacroDefines: () => Record<string, string>; DEFAULT_BUILD_FEATURES: readonly string[] }
+    const defines = definesMod.getMacroDefines()
+    defineArgs = Object.entries(defines).flatMap(([k, v]) => ['-d', `${k}:${v}`])
+    const features = definesMod.DEFAULT_BUILD_FEATURES
+    featureArgs = features.flatMap((f: string) => ['--feature', f])
+  } catch {}
+  const envFeatures = Object.entries(process.env)
+    .filter(([k]) => k.startsWith('FEATURE_') && k.slice(8))
+    .map(([k]) => ['--feature', k.slice(8)] as [string, string])
+    .flat()
+  const allFeatureArgs = [...featureArgs, ...envFeatures]
+  const prefix = JSON.stringify({ execPath, scriptArgs, defineArgs, featureArgs: allFeatureArgs })
+  process.env._CSC_CHILD_SPAWN_PREFIX = prefix
+}
+
+function loadChildSpawnPrefix(): { execPath: string; scriptArgs: string[]; defineArgs?: string[]; featureArgs?: string[] } | null {
+  const raw = process.env._CSC_CHILD_SPAWN_PREFIX
+  if (!raw) return null
+  try {
+    return JSON.parse(raw) as { execPath: string; scriptArgs: string[]; defineArgs?: string[]; featureArgs?: string[] }
+  } catch {
+    return null
+  }
+}
+
 export class SessionHandle {
   readonly sessionId: string
   readonly cwd: string
@@ -138,8 +184,7 @@ export class SessionHandle {
   }
 
   async start(): Promise<void> {
-    const args = [
-      ...this.opts.scriptArgs,
+    const printArgs = [
       '--print',
       '--input-format',
       'stream-json',
@@ -154,7 +199,7 @@ export class SessionHandle {
       ...(this.opts.resumeSessionId
         ? ['--resume', this.opts.resumeSessionId]
         : []),
-      ...(this.opts.verbose ? ['--verbose'] : []),
+      '--verbose',
     ]
 
     const env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {
@@ -166,7 +211,12 @@ export class SessionHandle {
       env.CLAUDE_CODE_SYSTEM_PROMPT = this.opts.systemPrompt
     }
 
-    this.child = spawn(this.opts.execPath, args, {
+    const saved = loadChildSpawnPrefix()
+    const defineArgs = saved?.defineArgs ?? []
+    const featureArgs = saved?.featureArgs ?? []
+    const spawnArgs = [...defineArgs, ...featureArgs, ...this.opts.scriptArgs, ...printArgs]
+
+    this.child = spawn(this.opts.execPath, spawnArgs, {
       cwd: this.opts.cwd,
       stdio: ['pipe', 'pipe', 'pipe'],
       env,
@@ -293,10 +343,9 @@ export class SessionHandle {
       if (response?.subtype === 'success' && response?.request_id === this.initRequestId) {
         const initData = (response.response ?? {}) as InitData
         this._initData = initData
-        if (initData.models) {
-          const models = initData.models as Record<string, string>
-          const vals = Object.values(models)
-          if (vals.length > 0 && !this._model) this._model = vals[0]
+        if (Array.isArray(initData.models) && initData.models.length > 0 && !this._model) {
+          const first = (initData.models as Array<Record<string, string>>)[0]
+          this._model = first?.value ?? first?.name
         }
         this.initResolve(initData)
         this.initResolve = null
diff --git a/src/server/sessionManager.ts b/src/server/sessionManager.ts
index 1e48718fc..fb7a9abf5 100644
--- a/src/server/sessionManager.ts
+++ b/src/server/sessionManager.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { join } from 'path'
 import { getClaudeConfigHomeDir } from '../utils/envUtils.js'
 import { logError } from '../utils/log.js'
 import type { EventBus } from './eventBus.js'
-import { SessionHandle } from './sessionHandle.js'
+import { SessionHandle, type InitData } from './sessionHandle.js'
 import type { SessionIndex, SessionIndexEntry, SessionState } from './types.js'
 
 const INDEX_FILE = 'server-sessions.json'
@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ export class SessionManager {
   private defaultWorkspace?: string
   private idleCheckInterval: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null
   private indexDirty = false
+  private _cachedInitData: InitData | null = null
+  private _initDataReady: Promise<void> | null = null
+  private _resolveInitDataReady: (() => void) | null = null
+  private _probeHandle: SessionHandle | null = null
 
   constructor(opts: {
     eventBus: EventBus
@@ -182,9 +186,61 @@ export class SessionManager {
       throw err
     }
 
+    if (handle.initData) {
+      this._cachedInitData = handle.initData
+    }
+
     return handle
   }
 
+  getCachedInitData(): InitData | null {
+    if (this._cachedInitData) return this._cachedInitData
+    for (const handle of this.sessions) {
+      if (handle[1].initData) return handle[1].initData
+    }
+    return null
+  }
+
+  waitForInitData(timeoutMs = 30000): Promise<void> {
+    if (this._cachedInitData) return Promise.resolve()
+    return this._initDataReady ?? Promise.resolve()
+  }
+
+  startProbeSession(opts: {
+    cwd?: string
+    execPath: string
+    scriptArgs: string[]
+  }): void {
+    this._initDataReady = new Promise(resolve => {
+      this._resolveInitDataReady = resolve
+    })
+
+    void (async () => {
+      try {
+        const probe = await this.createSession({
+          cwd: opts.cwd,
+          execPath: opts.execPath,
+          scriptArgs: opts.scriptArgs,
+        })
+        this._probeHandle = probe
+        this._probeHandle = null
+        await this.deleteSession(probe.sessionId)
+      } catch (err) {
+        this._probeHandle?.forceKill()
+        this._probeHandle = null
+      }
+      this._resolveInitDataReady?.()
+    })()
+  }
+
+  killProbe(): void {
+    if (this._probeHandle) {
+      this._probeHandle.forceKill()
+      this._probeHandle = null
+    }
+    this._resolveInitDataReady?.()
+  }
+
   async deleteSession(id: string): Promise<boolean> {
     const handle = this.sessions.get(id)
     if (!handle) return false
diff --git a/src/setup.ts b/src/setup.ts
index 030be6037..25c94c928 100644
--- a/src/setup.ts
+++ b/src/setup.ts
@@ -377,64 +377,56 @@ export async function setup(
   profileCheckpoint('setup_after_prefetch')
 
   // CoStrict provider: 启动时恢复凭证并预取模型列表
+  // 必须同步 await，否则 serve/SDK 模式下 getModelOptions() 读取缓存时还为空
   if (getAPIProvider() === 'costrict') {
-    void (async () => {
-      try {
-        const { loadCoStrictCredentials, saveCoStrictCredentials } = await import('./costrict/provider/credentials.js')
-        const { isCoStrictTokenValid, refreshCoStrictToken, extractExpiryFromJWT } = await import('./costrict/provider/token.js')
-        const { fetchCoStrictModels } = await import('./costrict/provider/models.js')
-        const { getCoStrictBaseURL } = await import('./costrict/provider/auth.js')
+    try {
+      const { loadCoStrictCredentials, saveCoStrictCredentials } = await import('./costrict/provider/credentials.js')
+      const { isCoStrictTokenValid, refreshCoStrictToken, extractExpiryFromJWT } = await import('./costrict/provider/token.js')
+      const { fetchCoStrictModels } = await import('./costrict/provider/models.js')
+      const { getCoStrictBaseURL } = await import('./costrict/provider/auth.js')
 
-        const creds = await loadCoStrictCredentials()
-        if (!creds) {
-          // 没有凭证，清除 modelType 让下次启动回到登录界面
-          const { updateSettingsForSource } = await import('./utils/settings/settings.js')
-          updateSettingsForSource('userSettings', { modelType: undefined } as any)
-          return
-        }
-
-        // 验证 / 刷新 token（注意 refreshCoStrictToken 接收 RefreshTokenParams，字段名与 CoStrictCredentials 不同）
+      const creds = await loadCoStrictCredentials()
+      if (!creds) {
+        const { updateSettingsForSource } = await import('./utils/settings/settings.js')
+        updateSettingsForSource('userSettings', { modelType: undefined } as any)
+      } else {
         let activeCreds = creds
-        if (!isCoStrictTokenValid(creds)) {
-          if (creds.refresh_token) {
-            try {
-              const refreshed = await refreshCoStrictToken({
-                baseUrl: getCoStrictBaseURL(creds.base_url),
-                refreshToken: creds.refresh_token,
-                state: creds.state,
-              })
-              activeCreds = {
-                ...creds,
-                access_token: refreshed.access_token,
-                refresh_token: refreshed.refresh_token,
-                expiry_date: extractExpiryFromJWT(refreshed.access_token),
-                updated_at: new Date().toISOString(),
-              }
-              await saveCoStrictCredentials(activeCreds)
-            } catch {
-              // 刷新失败，清除 modelType 提示重新登录
-              const { updateSettingsForSource } = await import('./utils/settings/settings.js')
-              updateSettingsForSource('userSettings', { modelType: undefined } as any)
-              return
+        let tokenReady = isCoStrictTokenValid(creds)
+
+        if (!tokenReady && creds.refresh_token) {
+          try {
+            const refreshed = await refreshCoStrictToken({
+              baseUrl: getCoStrictBaseURL(creds.base_url),
+              refreshToken: creds.refresh_token,
+              state: creds.state,
+            })
+            activeCreds = {
+              ...creds,
+              access_token: refreshed.access_token,
+              refresh_token: refreshed.refresh_token,
+              expiry_date: extractExpiryFromJWT(refreshed.access_token),
+              updated_at: new Date().toISOString(),
             }
-          } else {
-            // 无 refresh_token，清除 modelType
+            await saveCoStrictCredentials(activeCreds)
+            tokenReady = true
+          } catch {
             const { updateSettingsForSource } = await import('./utils/settings/settings.js')
             updateSettingsForSource('userSettings', { modelType: undefined } as any)
-            return
           }
+        } else if (!tokenReady) {
+          const { updateSettingsForSource } = await import('./utils/settings/settings.js')
+          updateSettingsForSource('userSettings', { modelType: undefined } as any)
         }
 
-        // 预取模型列表，填充同步缓存
-        const baseUrl = getCoStrictBaseURL(activeCreds.base_url)
-        const models = await fetchCoStrictModels(baseUrl, activeCreds.access_token)
-        // 模型列表已预取并缓存，不再自动设置 COSTRICT_MODEL 环境变量
-        // resolveCoStrictModel() 会直接透传用户配置的模型名
-        process.env.CLAUDE_CODE_USE_COSTRICT = '1'
-      } catch {
-        // 初始化失败不阻断启动
+        if (tokenReady && activeCreds.access_token) {
+          const baseUrl = getCoStrictBaseURL(activeCreds.base_url)
+          await fetchCoStrictModels(baseUrl, activeCreds.access_token)
+          process.env.CLAUDE_CODE_USE_COSTRICT = '1'
+        }
       }
-    })()
+    } catch {
+      // 初始化失败不阻断启动
+    }
   }
 
   // Pre-fetch data for Logo v2 - await to ensure it's ready before logo renders.